Hormones are biochemical substances secreted primarily by the glands of the endocrine system. When transported by the blood they reach other organs or tissues of the body where they produce certain effects of regulation, stimulation or inhibition of their activity or functions.
Hormones are necessary to achieve many important effects related to biology and human and animal physiology, such as cellular chemical functions, conception, pregnancy, development, growth, metabolism, sexuality, maintenance of the immune system, cardiac, digestive, renal functions , etc
And they are also fundamental in neurological and psychic aspects since there is an intimate relationship between the endocrine system and the nervous system. Both systems regulate and influence activities such as wakefulness and sleep, vigor, fatigue, mental state, sexual desire, absence of pain, etc .
Many hormones, such as endorphins, acetylcholine, norepinephrine, dopamine, or serotonin, are also neurotransmitters. Certain types of depression can be produced by lack of serotonin hother hormones.
On the other hand certain emotions or psychic experiences (fear, anxiety, sadness, worries, aggression, hatred, love or sexual desire, etc.) cause the corresponding discharges / stimulations or inhibitions of certain hormones and neurotransmitters with the consequent positive or negative effect for Health and physical / psychic balance ...
The malfunctioning of the endocrine system by hyper or glandular hypofunction causes several pathologies: dwarfism, gigantism, acromelagia, diabetes, Cushing's syndrome, Addison's disease, Graves's disease, fetal malformations, obesity, cretinism, mental retardation, alterations in the development and sexual functions, insomnia, obesity, decalcification, kidney diseases, etc.
Disorders and diseases caused by hormonal abnormalities are treated by the doctor or endocrine who, if necessary, can administer artificial hormones, as is the case with insulin for diabetics on a daily basis.
Some people take hormones for aesthetic, sporting, sexual, etc. purposes. This constitutes risky behavior that can have serious consequences for health. Before doing so, it is always advisable to consult a doctor.
MAIN HORMONES IN ANIMALS AND HUMANS
More than 100 hormones have been discovered. The most significant are as follows:
Adrenaline / epinephrine PPE
ACTH Adrenocorticotropin
Adiponectin ADIPOQ
Aldosterone
Androgens
Androstenedione
Angiotensin
Atriopeptina
Bradquinin
Calcitonia
Calcitriol or vitamin D3
Corticotropin
Cholecystokinin CCK
Cortisol
Dehydroepiandrosterone DHEA
Dopamine DPM
Dihydrotestosterone DHT
Enkephalin
Endorphin / s
Enkephalin / s
Endothelin
Erythropoietin
Estradiol D2
Estrogen
Estrone
PR prolactin releasing factor
Gastrin
Ghrelin
Glucagon
Human chorionic gonadotropin
Glucocorticoids
HPL or Placental Lactogen
Histamine
Antimullerian hormone
Adenocorticotropic hormone
Growth hormone or somatotropin GH / hGH
Follicle stimulating hormone
Corticotropin releasing hormone
Gonadotropin releasing hormone
Hormone releasing hormone adrenocorticotropic CRH
Thyrotropin-releasing hormone TRH
LHH Luteating Hormone
MSH Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone
Antidiuretic hormone
Inhibin
Insulin
Human placental lactogen
Leptin LEP
Lipotropin PRH
Leukotrienes LT
Melatonin
MSH Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone
NPY Neuropeptide
Orexin Noradrenaline / norepinephrine NRE
Oxytocin OXT
Parathormone PTH
Prolactin PRL
PRF Prolactin releasing factor
BNP Brain Natriuretic Peptide
Pancreatic polypeptide
Progesterone PH
Prolactin PRL
Prostaglandins PG
Prostacyclin PGI2
Relaxina RLN
Renina
Serotonin 5-HT
Secretina SCT
Somatropin, GH or growth hormone
Somatocrinin GHRH
Somatomedin IGF
Somatostatin SRIF
LH Luteinizing hormone
T3 and T4 or thyroid hormones
Testosterone
Tetraiodothyronine
Triiodothyronine
Thyrotropin TSH
TRH Thyrotropin-releasing hormone
Tyrosine
Triodotironina
Thrombopoietin TPO
Thromboxanes TXA2
Vasopressin
ORGANS OR GLANDS COMPOSING THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM AND HORMONES THAT PRODUCE EACH ONE
Epiphysis or pineal gland:
Melatonin
Hypothalamus:
Somatostatin
TRH (thyrotropin-releasing hormone)
GR-RH (Growth Hormone-Releasing Homone)
CRH (Adrenocorticotropic hormone releasing hormone)
GNRH (Gonadotrophin releasing hormone)
Hypophysis:
Somatropin (GH or Growth Hormone)
Prolactin (in lactating women)
TSH (thyrotropin or homone thyrotrope)
Oxytocin
Vasopressin
ACTH (Adrenocorticotropic Hormone)
FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone)
LH (Luteating Hormone)
Thyroid:
Calcitonin
Thyroid hormones
Parathyroid:
Parathormone
Timo:
Thymosin
Pancreas:
Insulin
Glucagon
Adrenal:
Adrenalin
Noradrenaline
Glucocorticoids
Androgens
Ovaries:
Estrogens
Progestogens
Testicles:
Testosterone
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PLANT HORMONES
In addition to animal hormones there are also plant hormones in plants that circulate through the sap and that serve for the growth, flowering, ripening of fruits, germinations etc.
These may include auxins, cytokinins, gibberellins, ethylene, etc.
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Several of the related hormones are described in other pages of this blog.
WARNING TO READERS OF THIS ARTICLE:
The information and medical opinions contained in this article are for informational purposes only and, under no circumstances, must and can not replace the advice of a physician or pharmacist; Any person who is affected by symptoms or suspected of having a hormonal or other disease, does not comply with this information, and should consult a doctor, pharmacist or health specialist to advise, diagnose Your condition and prescribe the medication or treatment you feel is appropriate.
