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On March 11, 2011, an earthquake measuring 9.0 degrees on the Richter scale took place in Japan, followed by a terrible tsunami that, in addition to causing thousands of deaths and disappearances and producing enormous disasters, damaged several nuclear power plants in the locality. from Fukushima; Repeated radioactive leaks alerted the entire international community to a serious risk of contamination.
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Hundreds of thousands of people were evacuated from the area fearing the consequences of this major nuclear threat.
Members of the emergency services (engineers, technicians and plant operators, firefighters, etc.) are heroically risking their lives and health, subjected to high doses of radiation, to cool the reactors and prevent an explosion or meltdown of the cores atomic
This serious situation reminds us of the terrifying consequences of past episodes - with thousands of dead, injured and sick - of major explosions and atomic radiation: some caused by the Second World War, such as the bombing of Hidrosima and Nagasaki in 1945 , and other accidental ones, such as the one at the Chernobyl plant (Ukraine) in 1989.
In addition to these events, we must bear in mind the lists of civil and military accidents, with radioactive leaks, that have occurred to date, as well as the periodic atomic tests or trials carried out by various countries since 1945.
These emission risks will probably continue in the coming years given the international proliferation of atomic elements (weapons, arsenals, new power plants, deposits and transport of materials or waste, etc.
There are currently some 440 nuclear power plants in the world, but the number continues to rise as dozens more are built every year.
The countries with the largest number of installations of this type are: United States (104), France (59), Japan (56), Russia (31), South Korea (20), United Kingdom (19), Canada (18), Germany (17), India (17) and Ukraine (15)
For supporters of nuclear energy, the usefulness and profitability of these plants are mainly their constant production and performance, not subject to climatic variations (as is the case with some of the renewable energies such as wind and sun) and their non-pollution with CO2. (Own from fossil fuels such as coal and oil).
However, for another large part of the world's population, they constitute a constant and serious threat of possible accidents, because - despite all the safety measures that are adopted - there are always unforeseeable contingencies (human failures, undetectable breakdowns, fires, floods , terrorist attacks, acts of war, natural factors such as earthquakes and tsunamis, hurricanes, etc.) that recommend the certain probability that such accidents will occur sooner or later.
Also of concern is the growing accumulation of radioactive waste that lasts for thousands of years.
The debate on nuclear yes, or nuclear no, led by environmental organizations, is classic and permanent, but the growing demands for electrical energy and the decrease in gas and oil reserves in the near future tip the balance in favor of continuity and expansion of these plants for several more years.
For this reason, it would be necessary to adopt and increase preventive and survival measures to reduce the risks and effects of possible accidents with radioactive leaks, such as those set out below:
AUTIONARY MEASURES
Of a general or collective type to be adopted by the Governments and promoting and managing entities:
- There should be supervision and control over nuclear power plants by the United Nations, with criteria on their form of construction, organization, operation, security measures, etc.
- The States, before building nuclear power plants, should inform and consult the population through a referendum so that the decision is adopted by a majority
- Study of the conditions of the region or location of future facilities (orography, seismicity, possible tidal waves, storms, proximity of volcanoes, etc.)
- Control and supervision of construction and safety projects (anti-seismic buildings, watertight enclosures for the isolation of reactors and cores, cooling systems, supplementary electricity generators, etc.)
- Power plants should be located in sparsely populated areas and always more than 100 km from any city, port, airport or population or industrial center
- Technical maintenance and security and alert services, permanent and reinforced, to avoid or neutralize not only accidents and breakdowns, but also possible terrorist attacks (armoured buildings against possible external attacks, trained teams to fight breakdowns or fires, barriers, gates or watertight isolation enclosures for dangerous or polluting areas, armed surveillance, vehicles and radiation protection equipment, protective suits, self-contained breathing masks, etc.)
- Alert the population promptly of any breakdown or event that implies a risk of radioactive leaks
- In any case, the best preventive measure that a State can adopt to avoid this type of accident is to RESIGN THE INSTALLATION OF NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS and, if it already has them, proceed with their ELIMINATION AND PROGRESSIVE CLOSURE, replacing them with an INCREASE of CLEAN AND RENEWABLE ENERGY
SURVIVAL MEASURES IN THE EVENT OF A NUCLEAR ACCIDENT
General or collective:
- In addition to trying to repair the fault by the technical teams, firefighters, etc., report, truthfully and promptly, what is happening, proceeding immediately to the evacuation of the inhabitants closest to the plant and/or adopting measures of isolation of those who remain within a radius of at least 30 km (remaining in homes, with doors and windows closed, use of protective suits and masks for those who have to work or travel outside, etc.)
- Indicate at all times the levels of radioactivity both in the plant and in the vicinity and other areas of the country, recommending the most appropriate actions to the population and sending messages to moderate panic and psychosis
- Urgent health care to possible victims as well as the distribution of drugs (potassium iodide) to reduce the effects of radiation (which usually affect the thyroid gland in principle)
- Help the population in terms of food by providing water and food free of radioactive contamination
Individual or personal:
- Stay tuned for news from government and health authorities about the evolution of the leak or accident and immediately adopt their recommendations (isolation, evacuation, avoidance of places, contaminated water or food, etc.)
- If the nuclear risk situation worsens or is prolonged, try, as far as possible, to move away a reasonable distance (more than 200 km) and even leave the affected country or region.
This distance is especially recommended for children and pregnant women as they are more vulnerable to radioactivity.
- It is advisable to find out and control the degree of possible air, water and food contamination, to deduce the probable number of siervets or millisieverts - units that measure the dose of radioactivity - to which we may be subjected.
- It is advisable to find out and control the degree of possible air, water and food contamination, to deduce the probable number of siervets or millisieverts - units that measure the dose of radioactivity - to which we may be subjected.
OVERCOMING ENVIRONMENTAL HARASSMENT: RENEWABLE ENERGY SHOULD REPLACE THOSE PRODUCED BY NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS AND BY FOSSIL FUELS
Nuclear energy, whether or not it is currently needed, constitutes a serious humanitarian threat; the effects and consequences for health of radioactive leaks cross borders (the Chernobyl leak spread throughout almost all of Europe) contaminating for months, and even years, not only people, but also land, rivers, seas, animals and crops; They also produce an increase in serious pathologies (burns, leukemia, cancer, deformities in fetuses and newborns, etc.) and in the mortality rates of those affected.
From the economic point of view, although in principle they can be profitable, if a single leak occurs, the consequences are extremely negative and represent losses of billions (elimination or repair costs, evacuation of thousands of people, disabling of homes, companies and crops in surrounding areas, decrease in tourism and other economic activities throughout the country or region, decrease in exports, etc.)
The confluence of the harmful effects of radiological pollution with those caused by fossil fuels (CO2, global warming, respiratory diseases, noise, etc), are leading humanity - for the sake of the cult of the energy goddess - to a situation of enslaving environmental harassment that threatens our freedom and our health; it is no longer enough to move away from the big cities polluted by vehicle exhaust pipes and the pollution of many industrial activities because now, also in the countryside, the other contamination can reach us - radioactive - which, although invisible, is not less dangerous.
The only rational solution to this problem, until other less harmful forms of energy are found - perhaps nuclear fusion, currently being experimented with - is to increase and strengthen the so-called clean or renewable energies - solar, wind, hydraulic, tidal, geothermal, biocombustion, use of hydrogen, etc. - and promote savings through vehicles and devices designed to save and use these clean energies.
And if at present the percentage of renewables is already 20/25 percent in all the energy sources available to us, why don't we INCREASE it to 40, 60 or ONE HUNDRED percent?
With this we would supply the percentage of nuclear power, now situated at an average of 15 percent (in some countries it reaches 50%) of said set of energy sources and we would prevent their future growth, enabling their progressive dismantling.
In this way we would remove this plague of dirt and death (fossil fuels plus radioactivity) that threatens us and we would contribute to higher rates of environmental purity (air, water, food, etc.), health, safety and progress.
Until then, we will continue, as the famous tango "Cambalache" says: ..."roll around in a meringue - and in the same mud - all of you grope"...
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