Diebstahl, Verletzungen, Betrug, Körperverletzung: Sicherheitsmaßnahmen und Selbstschutz
Furto, ferite, truffe, aggressioni: misure di sicurezza e autoprotezione
ROUBO, DÚVIDAS, SCAMS, BALANÇAS: MEDIDAS DE SEGURANÇA E AUTO-PROTEÇÃO
盜竊，傷害，垃圾郵件，攻擊：安全措施和自我保護
盗難、盗難、詐欺、アサルト：セキュリティ対策と自己保護
डकैती, चोरी, घोटाले, हमले: सुरक्षा मापक और स्व-सुरक्षा
عمليات السطو والسرقة والاحتيال والاعتداءات: تدابير الأمن وحماية الذات
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(Ver traducción inglesa, al final / See English translation, at the end)
(Ver traducción inglesa, al final / See English translation, at the end)
Aunque este artículo se refiere a las MEDIDAS PERSONALES aconsejables para evitar dichos delitos y faltas callejeros, existen otras
MEDIDAS INSTITUCIONALES que han de adoptar las autoridades administrativas y judiciales, como son:
Vigilancia policial más intensa en las calles y zonas marginales donde se repiten los hechos delictivos.
Vigilancia, control y acondicionamiento (luces, cámaras, alarmas, lunas y puertas blindadas, etc) en ciertas áreas urbanas sensibles (zonas residenciales, de empresas, comercios u oficinas) con alta incidencia de robos, venta de drogas, etc)
Vigilancia y control de las bandas juveniles
Especial control y penalización de los delincuentes habituales y reincidentes.
Control de delincuentes extranjeros que se introducen en el país a través de la emigración y el turismo.
Campañas de prevención y colaboración ciudadana, etc
En cuanto a las MEDIDAS PERSONALES: Cada ciudadano, al moverse por lugares públicos y medios de transporte, en el cuidado de los niños, al viajar en vehículo, en sus viviendas, empresas, comercios, propiedades, etc, debería TENER EN CUENTA Y APLICAR, en lo posible, las recomendaciones de los organismos policiales, que se recogen en las SIGUIENTES MEDIDAS:
PARA EVITAR HURTOS Y TIRONES
Caminar por la acera, en sentido opuesto a la marcha de los vehículos y lo más lejos posible de la calzada o bordillo.
Si se lleva bolso, situarlo hacia el interior de la acera para dificultar la acción de los delincuentes que traten de dar "tirones" desde vehículos en marcha.
Las personas mayores no deben portar los bolsos sujetos en bandolera, para evitar el arrastre y posterior caída en caso de tirones violentos.
Existe otra modalidad mezcla de tirón-robo y agresión vándálica, conocida en el argot del hampa como "jalón o jalonazo" que consiste en que los delincuentes golpean violentamente y sin previo aviso a la víctima, mientras aprovechan la sorpresa para sustraer el bolso o la cartera y escapar seguidamente a toda velocidad, a veces con el apoyo de un vehículo robado que conduce un cómplice.
Tienen un mayor riesgo las personas que transportan fondos o salen de un banco o cajero tras sacar dinero y que suelen ser vigiladas y seguidas por estos sujetos.
Los delincuentes que se dedican al hurto ("carteristas" y "piqueros") suelen ser muy hábiles; actúan con frecuencia con la ayuda de cómplices ("tapias" "consortes") que se interponen o simulan un tropiezo casual y valiéndose de periódicos o prendas ("muletas") para ocultar su manipulación de la vista de la víctima.
Proteger el bolso o cartera en las aglomeraciones (mercados, espectáculos callejeros, transportes públicos, metro, autobús, etc)
Si es posible evitar dichas aglomeraciones.
No distraerse durante las compras.
Observar a las personas próximas y no perder el contacto con el bolso o cartera.
Llevar sólo el dinero necesario (mejor pequeñas cantidades) y distribuirlo entre los bolsillos.
Guardar la cartera o dinero en el bolsillo más protegido.
Llevar los bolsillos abrochados y protegerlos con la mano en las aglomeraciones (atención al bolsillo de atrás)
No exhibir joyas, anillos, pulseras, relojes, etc, ni hacer ostentación de dinero, pieles y objetos de lujo.
PARA EVITAR ROBOS DE Y EN VEHÍCULOS
Aparcar en lugares bien iluminados y vigilados, evitando las zonas despobladas o marginales.
No permanecer de noche en un vehículo estacionado en descampados, parques, extrarradios, etc.
Antes de aparcar el coche mirar alrededor, por si se detectaran personas sospechosas.
Hacer lo mismo cuando se vaya a utilizar el coche.
Antes de entrar, observar también su interior; podría encontrarse algún intruso agazapado en la parte trasera.
Al circular por la ciudad, mantener las puertas con los seguros echados.
Instalar dispositivos antirrobo y de alarma que a la par que producen efectos sonoros en el claxon impiden el funcionamiento del motor y los circuitos eléctricos.
Hacer uso de barras metálicas ajustadas al volante desde los pedales.
Utilizar cadenas de seguridad.
Instalar un sistema de localización por GPS, oculto en el vehículo, puede ayudar a su recuperación, si los ladrones no lo detectan y anulan.
Actualmente en los coches de alta gama suelen instalarse dispositivos electrónicos que desactivan el motor o simulan una avería a la par que emiten por radio una alerta silenciosa que se transmite a la Policía.
Al salir del coche, sacar la llave de contacto, dejar el volante bloqueado y cerrar bien las puertas, ventanillas y maletero.
Es recomendable grabar en los cristales de las ventanillas y en el parabrisas, el número de matrícula del coche.
El depósito del combustible debe estar protegido por una buena tapa con cerradura para impedir el hurto de gasolina y la posibilidad de repostarlo caso de sustración del vehículo
No hacer auto-stop ni recoger en el coche a desconocidos.
No dejar en el interior del coche tarjetas de crédito, ni documentos importantes.
En todo caso evitar que queden a la vista bolsas, objetos o paquetes que supongan una tentación para el delincuente de turno, ni siquiera por cortos espacio de tiempo.
En los viajes tanto en el propio vehículo como en tren o autobús cuidar el equipaje (atención a las paradas intermedias)
PARA EVITAR TIMOS Y ESTAFAS
Si se utilizan tarjetas de crédito, cheques de gasolina, etc, conviene no perderlos de vista y no usarlos en lugares o por personas poco solventes.
Antes de firmar cualquier clase de contrato o documento mercantil leer la letra menuda y observar atentamente todo lo relacionado con la fecha, cantidades, sello y firma.
Evitar los juegos de azar en la calle ya que casi siempre son un fraude.
Desconfiar de propuestas y ayudas sospechosas (ofertas para gestionar un billete de loteria "premiado", aviso de manchas en la ropa, de averías en vehículo, etc.)
No hablar de negocios con desconocidos.
Nunca sacar dinero del banco a requerimiento de desconocidos, aunque ofrezcan, aparentemente, un gran negocio.
No olvidar que en la mayoría de los timos intervienen dos o más delincuentes perfectamente concertados, pero aparentando desconocerse mutuamente (el tonto y el listo).
Existe una amplia gama de timos en los cuales la víctima ("primo, lila o julay"), tentada por la avaricia de una fácil ganancia, se deja embaucar ingenuamente por quienes hacen del engaño su medio de vida.
Algunos de los timos clásicos son:
El "tocomocho" o timo por el que se hace creer a la víctima que puede beneficiarse del cobro de una participación premiada de la lotería.
El "timo de la estampita", que consiste en hacer pasar recortes de periódico por billetes de curso legal.
El de los "trileros", realizado en las calles rastros, verbenas, etc; el estafador, auxiliado por cámplices ("ganchos") exhibe su habilidad manual manejando tres naipes, vasos, tapones de plástico vacíos o cáscaras de nuez, invitando a participar en un juego o apuesta para descubrir donde se encuentra una carta o se oculta una bola. Los cómplices siempre ganan y también la víctima, cundo juega cantidades pequeñas, pero pierde cuando invierte una una cifra apetecible.
El "timo o hurto de la mancha" que consiste en distraer la atención de la víctima manchándole la ropa, momento en el que un delincuente se lleva el dinero mientras otro le intenta ayudar a limpiar la ropa.
El "timo de la menor" que consiste en que una mujer joven, intenta seducir al "primo", momento en el que aparecen su "padre o hermano" que le acusan de abusos sexuales a la "niña" y amenazan con denunciarlo, salvo que les pague una suma para "olvidar" el asunto. Con frecuencia actuan también contra homosexuales utilizando en este caso a un "niño menor"
El timo del "policía ful" es un timo-extorsión en la que uno o dos sujetos se hacen pasar por policías, mostrando placas falsas, y exigen al "julay" el pago de una cantidad para evitar ser detenido por un supuesto delito; a veces actúan en el timo de la menor junto al "familiar"
El "timo de la teta" que está protagonizado por una mujer opulenta que aparenta ligar, para, entre caricias y toqueteos, apoderarse de la cartera y huir precipitadamente al ser "sorprendida" por su "marido-cómplice"
El "timo del gato" (gato = ladrón; gata = prostituta); se trata de un timo-hurto propio de los ambientes de prostitución, consiste en que un complice que se esconde bajo la cama o en otro lugar, se apodera de la ropa o cartera del cliente mientras éste realiza el acto sexual con una prostituta.
Existen otros muchos timos tales como los del nigeriano, el nazareno, el del inspector del gas, el del antenista, el del atropello, el de la biblia, el del billete marcado, el del vidente o adivino o las estafas piramidales, etc
Algunos de ellos no se practican sólo en la calle sino en visitas a domicilio o a través deltelefono y de Internet
En la actualidad, tal vez debido a la crisis económica, se está incrementando un procedimiento de estafa menor conocido como "SINPA" (iniciales de sin pagar)
que se practica de forma individual o en grupo en restaurantes, gasolineras, tiendas, etc y que consiste en marcharse sin abonar el importe del servicio o artículo, aprovechando el descuido de los camareros o empleados, o con la excusa de ir al WC o a fumar a la calle...
MEDIDAS CONTRA ASALTOS Y AGRESIONES
Evitar en lo posible los lugares despoblados, solitarios, aislados o poco iluminados, especialmente si se trata de zonas ciudadanas marginales.
Si se está obligado a transitar habitualmente por dichas zonas, procurar cambiar de vez en cuando el itinerario y la forma de vestir.
Evitar, asimismo, las calles, pasadizos, escaleras, estaciones y coches del metro, paradas solitarias de autobuses, etc, en horas nocturnas o tempranas cuando escasea la vigilancia y no existe apenas tránsito de personas.
Si se viaja en metro o bús vacíos o con escasos viajeros, sentarse cerca del conductor o empleados de la línea.
Evitar el paso, tanto de día como por la noche, por lugares marginales donde abundan los drogadictos y delincuentes.
Evitar las zonas de aglomeración o jolgorio nocturno: con pubs, discotecas, clubs, o locales frecuentados por borrachos, drogadictos, traficantes de drogas, proxenetas y prostitutas.
Caso de verse obligado a pasar por dichos lugares, procurar hacerlo acompañado (o juntarse a personas normales) y mantener la distancia de los grupos, bandas juveniles o indivíduos sospechosos.
Al entrar o salir de una entidad bancaria o utilizar cajeros automáticos, observar si en los alrrededores se encuentran personas sospechosas; en caso de duda no utilizar el cajero en ese momento; dirigirse a otro, esperar, volver, cojer un taxi, etc.
Domiciliar los pagos y procurar ir acompañado cuando se porten cantidades de dinero elevadas.
Al abrir el portal del domicilio hay que evitar que entren otras personas desconocidas (si hay alguién en las inmediaciones, es mejor esperar)
Tampoco se debe entrar en un ascensor con personas sospechosas.
Cuando se tenga el temor de ser asaltado o se tengan experiencias negativas por haber sufrido robos o agresiones es conveniente prepararse mental y fisicamente para la autodefensa, practicando artes-deportes marciales >(lucha, boxeo, judo, kárate, esgrima, tiro, etc)
Si se dispone de armas, instrumentos o habilidades para la autodefensa, estar entrenado y preparado para su uso en caso de agresión.
A pesar de que cualquier herramienta (desde un bastón hasta un bolígrafo) pueden ser utilizados como arma defensiva, no olvidar que la mejor arma es el propio cerebro capaz de coordinar numerosas habilidades ante el peligro.
Lo importante es pensar y no dejarse llevar por el miedo o la impulsividad: observar, esperar o alejarse, ser prudente, medir el riesgo y las posibilidades de autodefensa.
Aunque siempre es preferible siempre evitar la confrontación, cuando existe peligro para la vida o integridad física es licito y aconsejable emplear la defensa legítima.
En casos justificados puede pedirse licencia para el uso de armas de fuego, permitidas en algunos países (en España el trámite se realiza a través de la Guardia Civil)
También existe la posibilidad de utilizar armas no letales como sprays lacrimógenos, armas de aire comprimido, pistolas o porras eléctricas, etc, (consultar en las armerías las condiciones y licencias necesarias)
Otra forma posible de inhibir la ación de los asaltantes es gritar, pedir socorro, procurando atraer la atención de otros transeuntes que puedan ayudar o llamar a la Policía.
Ciertas personas por su edad, indefensión, debilidad, soledad o desamparo (niños, ancianos, mujeres, personas desvalidas, enfermos psíquicos, etc) tienen un mayor riesgo de ser asaltadas por que deben adoptar mayores medidas de prudencia.
Se debe evitar la incitación involuntaria por actitudes, aspecto físico, sexo, exhibicionismo, ostentación de riquezas, joyas, dinero, etc.
Caso de sentirse perseguidos al conducir un coche, tocar el claxon constantemente para llamar la atención y dirígirse a un centro policial o lugar concurrido.
Si se produce intento de bloqueo del vehículo, cerrar bien las puertas y ventanas y no parar, aunque haya que embestir o empujar al obstáculo que cierra el paso, tratando de evitar en lo posible cualquier daño hacia propiedades o personas inocentes.
Prestar ayuda, en la medida posible, a toda persona que esté siendo atacada.
Observar las características del agresor o agresores (edad, estatura, color de pelo, rasgos de su rostro, nacionalidad, acento al hablar, vestimenta, dirección de la huida, vehículo utilizado, etc.)
La descripción facilitará a la Policía la localización del delincuente y recuperación de lo sustraído.
Después de haberse cometido el delito, avisar a la Policía o Guardia Civil.
No mover ni tocar nada para no destruir involuntariamente las posibles huellas o pruebas del delito.
ALERTAR Y PROTEGER A LOS NIÑOS
Los niños muy pequeños (hasta los 7-8 años) deben ser especialmente vigilados y controlados por sus familiares y profesores, evitando dejarlos sólos tanto en el domicilio como en la calle o establecimientos públicos.
Tratar de evitar atropellos, caídas, ahogamientos o accidentes en sus actividades, juegos o manipulación de aparatos y artículos potencialmente peligrosos (vehículos, gas, electricidad, encendedores, sustancias tóxicas, objetos o artefactos abandonados, etc)Enseñar a los hijos a conocer su nombre, apellidos, domicilio y teléfono.
Explicarles que, en caso de extravío, lo mejor es quedarse parados y esperar a que sus padres o familiares vayan a buscarlos o que llamen a sus padres por teléfono.
Explícarles también a quien dirigirse o llamar en caso de peligro, tanto si están en la calle como si se encuentran en casa.
Y como se usa la telefono de emergencia 112.
Y como se usa la telefono de emergencia 112.
Que no abran la puerta de casa cuando estén solos, ni digan a desconocidos que no hay nadie más en el domicilio o les faciliten datos de su familia.
Mentalizarles para que rechacen siempre la invitación de desconocidos a subir en un automóvil o acompañarles con cualquier pretexto o que les ofrezcan dinero, golosinas, caramelos, juguetes etc.
Prestar mucha atención a cualquier relato del niño sobre una persona que ha tratado de acariciarle, regalarle algo, invitarle, etc.
Indicarle que jamás debe mantener estas relaciones en secreto, aunque se lo pidan esas personas o le amenacen para que se calle y que si alguien intenta cogerlo debe gritar fuerte y pedir socorro.
También se les debe aleccionar sobre los riesgos de contactos a través de Internet.
Recomendar a los menores de edad que, cuando no esten acompañados por sus familiares o profesores lo hagan con un grupo de amigos, sobre todo si van de paseo o a practicar actividades deportivas en el exterior.
Que eviten la compañía de grupos de jévenes (colegas o no) que puedan llevarle a cometer delitos (droga, actos de vandalismo, etc)
Que eviten probar las drogas por curiosidad o porque lo hacen sus amigos o colegas, alertándoles del peligro de esa primera vez.
A medida que aumente en edad y comprensión los padres y profesores deben aleccionar a los niños sobre los peligros de la delincuencia callejera (drogas, robos, agresiones sexuales, prostitución, secuestros, etc) y sobre las medidas que deben adoptar para prevenirlos.
HURTOS, ROBOS Y ATRACOS A COMERCIOS Y EMPRESAS
Junto a las medidas expuestas, hay que extremar la vigilancia a las horas de cierre (cuando se acumula la recaudación del día)
Además de cámaras, alarmas y la posible contratación de vigilantes privados puede guardarse gran parte de lo recaudado en cajas camufladas u ocultas, dejando una cantidad menor en la cámara o caja aparente.
Las entidades bancarias, joyerías, y empresas financieras o que almacenan artículos valiosos o transportan valores, suelen disponer de recintos acorazados, vehículos, puertas, ventanas y escaparates blindados, vigilantes armados, etc.
Los dueños, encargados, representantes, empleados, etc de este tipos de empresas deben, además, tomar medidas de vigilancia y autodefensa a la entrada y salida tanto de la empresa como del propio domicilio, variar horarios e itinerarios, evitar seguimientos y alertar a la Policía en caso de sospecha.
También los hurtos en almacenes y comercios (procedimiento de la "mecha)" de objetos, prendas, bisuteria, pequeños electrodomésticos, perfumes, etc, que los supuestos "clientes" sacan escondidos entre sus vestidos, son una plaga corriente, sobre todo en periodos de rebajas con grandes aglomeraciones.
Aunque existen etiquetas de alarma que se activan en los controles de caja, muchos ladrones saben como cortarlas o anularlas.
Intensificar la vigilancia con personal que conozca a este tipo de decuideros.
Encargar a cada empleado una especial vigilancia de una zona del comercio o empresa.
Convenir contraseñas entre los vigilantes y empleados cuando uno de ellos detecte a un sujeto sospechoso.
Disponer de alarmas, sensores, cámaras de video-vigilancia, espejos etc.
Atención las puertas de entrada y salida.
Atención a personas que compran en grupo realizando maniobras de distracción o alboroto.
Evitar el desorden de las mercancías en mostradores, estanterías, etc
Evitar que existan mercancías en las zonas ocultas, esquinas distantes, etc
Tener las mercancías más valiosas protegidas en urnas o escaparates cerrados y lejos de las puertas de salida.
Proteger los escaparates contra los robos con fractura ("alunizajes") instalando rejas, cierres, cristales resistentes o blindados, etc. y no dejando expuestos objetos de valor que inciten la codicia de los ladrones (joyas, pieles, electrodomésticos, etc)
En las mercancías que vienen a pares, mostrar sólo un par de cada modelo.
ROBOS Y HURTOS EN LAS ZONAS RURALES
Estas actividades delictivas, que han aumentado en los últimos tiempos, están dirigidas a la sustracción de ganado y frutos en los establos, campos e invernaderos donde la vigilancia es escasa.
Actualmente suelen abundar, en este tipo de hechos, ciertos delincuentes extranjeros que se cuelan entre la masa de emigrantes y turistas que llegan a nuestro país, aprovechando la apertura de las fronteras con Europa.
Como medida de control y vigilancia, en las zonas donde se hayan cometido este tipo de hechos, es conveniente avisar a la Guardia Civil o Policía, cuando se detecte la presencia de sujetos sospechosos, furgonetas que acampan o permanecen en las inmediaciones de pueblos, alquerías, zonas de cultivo, rebaños, etc, facilitando su descripción, matrículas de vehículos, etc.
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Ver estos enlaces y vídeos / Watch s these links and videos:
FACTORES CRIMINÓGENOS CAUSANTES DE LOS DELITOS
CRIMINAL FACTORS THAT CAUSE CRIMES
FACTORES CRIMINÓGENOS CAUSANTES DE LOS DELITOS
CRIMINAL FACTORS THAT CAUSE CRIMES
TECNICAS DE DEFENSA PERSONAL
PERSONAL DEFENSE TECHNIQUES
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Although this article refers to the PERSONAL MEASURES advisable to avoid such crimes and street offenses, there are others
INSTITUTIONAL MEASURES to be taken by administrative and judicial authorities, such as:
More intense police surveillance in the streets and marginal areas where criminal acts are repeated.
Surveillance, control and conditioning (lights, cameras, alarms, moons and armored doors, etc.) in certain sensitive urban areas (residential areas, businesses, shops or offices) with high incidence of theft, drug sales, etc)
Surveillance and control of youth gangs
Special control and criminalization of habitual and repeat offenders.
Control of foreign criminals who enter the country through emigration and turism.
Prevention campaigns and citizen collaboration, etc.
As for PERSONAL MEASURES: Each citizen, when moving through public places and means of transport, in the care of children, when traveling by car, in their homes, businesses, shops, properties, etc., MUST TAKE INTO ACCOUNT AND APPLY , if possible, the recommendations of the police agencies, which are included in the NEXT MEASURES:
TO AVOID HURTS AND SHOOTS
Walk on the sidewalk, in the opposite direction to the vehicles and as far as possible from the road or curb.
If you carry a bag, place it inside the sidewalk to hinder the action of criminals who try to "pull" from moving vehicles.
Older people should not carry the bags subject to shoulder strap, to avoid drag and subsequent fall in case of violent pulls.
There is another modality mixture of pull-theft and vandal aggression, known in the slang of the underworld as "jerk or jalonazo" which consists of criminals hitting the victim violently and without warning, while taking advantage of the surprise to subtract the bag or the wallet and then escape at full speed, sometimes with the support of a stolen vehicle that drives an accomplice.
People who transport funds or leave a bank or ATM have a higher risk after taking money and are usually monitored and followed by these subjects.
Criminals engaged in theft ("pickpockets" and "boobies") tend to be very skilled; they act frequently with the help of accomplices ("tapias" "consorts") who interpose or simulate a casual stumbling block and using newspapers or garments ("crutches") to hide their manipulation of the victim's sight.
Protect your purse or wallet in crowds (markets, street shows, public transport, subway, bus, etc)
If possible avoid such agglomerations.
Do not get distracted during shopping.
Observe the next people and not lose contact with the purse or wallet.
Bring only the necessary money (better small amounts) and distribute it between pockets
.
Keep the wallet or money in the most protected pocket.
Bring the pockets fastened and protect them by hand in the crowds (attention to the back pocket)
Do not display jewelry, rings, bracelets, watches, etc., or show off money, furs and luxury items.
TO AVOID THEFT FROM AND IN VEHICLES
Park in well-lit and guarded places, avoiding depopulated or marginal areas.
Do not stay overnight in a vehicle parked in open fields, parks, suburbs, etc.
Before parking the car look around, in case suspicious people were detected.
Do the same when the car is going to be used.
Before entering, also observe its interior; some intruder could be found crouched in the back.
When driving through the city, keep the doors locked
Install anti-theft and alarm devices that at the same time produce sound effects on the horn prevent the operation of the motor and electrical circuits.
Make use of metal bars adjusted to the steering wheel from the pedals.
Use safety chains.
Installing a GPS tracking system, hidden in the vehicle, can help your recovery, if the thieves do not detect and cancel it.
Currently, high-end cars usually install electronic devices that deactivate the engine or simulate a fault while emitting a silent alert by radio that is transmitted to the Police.
When you get out of the car, take out the ignition key, leave the steering wheel locked and close the doors, windows and luggage compartment.
It is advisable to record the registration number of the car on the windows and on the windshield.
The fuel tank must be protected by a good lockable lid to prevent theft of gasoline and the possibility of refueling if the vehicle is stolen
Do not auto-stop or pick up strangers in the car.
Do not leave credit cards or important documents inside the car.
In any case, avoid leaving bags, objects or packages that are a temptation for the offender on duty, even for a short period of time.
On trips both in the vehicle itself and by train or bus take care of luggage (attention to intermediate stops)
TO AVOID TIMES AND SCAMS
If credit cards, gasoline checks, etc. are used, it is advisable not to lose sight of them and not to use them in places or by people with little solvent.
Before signing any kind of contract or commercial document, read the fine print and carefully observe everything related to the date, quantities, stamp and signature.
Avoid gambling in the street since they are almost always a fraud.
Be suspicious of proposals and suspicious aids (offers to manage a "prize" lottery ticket, notice of stains on clothing, vehicle breakdowns, etc.)
Do not talk about business with strangers.
Never take money from the bank at the request of strangers, even if they offer, apparently, a great deal.
Do not forget that in most of the scams two or more criminals are perfectly arranged, but seeming to ignore each other (the fool and the clever).
There is a wide range of scams in which the victim ("cousin, lilac or julay"), tempted by the greed of an easy gain, is naively fooled by those who make deception their livelihood.
Some of the classic scams are:
The "tocomocho" or scam by which the victim is made to believe that he can benefit from the collection of an award-winning lottery participation.
The "scam of the stamp", which involves passing newspaper clippings through legal tender.
The one of the "trileros", realized in the streets trails, verbenas, etc; The scammer, aided by accomplices ("hooks") exhibits his manual ability handling three playing cards, glasses, empty plastic caps or nutshells, inviting to participate in a game or bet to discover where a card is or a ball is hidden . The accomplices always win and also the victim, when he plays small amounts, but loses when he invests a desirable figure.
The "scam or theft of the stain" that consists in distracting the victim's attention by staining his clothes, at which point an offender takes the money while another tries to help him clean the clothes.
The "scam of the child" which is that a young woman tries to seduce the "cousin", at which time her "father or brother" appears who accuse the girl of sexual abuse and threaten to report him, except to pay them a sum to "forget" the matter. Often they also act against homosexuals using in this case a "younger child"
The scam of the "ful police" is a thymus-extortion in which one or two subjects impersonate policemen, showing false plates, and require the "julay" to pay an amount to avoid being arrested for an alleged crime; sometimes they act in the child's scam with the "family"
The "scam of the tit" that is starring an opulent woman who seems to bind, to, between caresses and flushing, seize the wallet and flee precipitously to be "surprised" by her "husband-accomplice"
The "cat scam" (cat = thief; cat = prostitute); it is a thymus-theft typical of prostitution environments, it is that an accomplice that hides under the bed or in another place, seizes the client's clothes or wallet while he performs the sexual act with a prostitute.
There are many other scams such as those of the Nigerian, the Nazarene, the inspector of the gas, the antenista, the one of the outrage, the one of the bible, the one of the marked ticket, the one of the seer or fortune teller or the pyramidal scams, etc.
Some of them are not practiced only in the street but in home visits or through the telephone and Internet
Currently, perhaps due to the economic crisis, a minor scam procedure known as "SINPA" (initials of unpaid) is being increased that is practiced individually or in groups in restaurants, gas stations, shops, etc. and that consists of leaving without paying the amount of the service or item, taking advantage of the carelessness of the waiters or employees, or with the excuse of going to the WC or smoking on the street...
MEASURES AGAINST ASSAULT AND AGGRESSIONS
Avoid as far as possible the depopulated, lonely, isolated or poorly lit places, especially if they are marginal citizen areas.
If you are obliged to travel regularly through these areas, try to change the itinerary and the way of dressing from time to time.
Avoid, also, the streets, passageways, stairs, stations and subway cars, solitary bus stops, etc., at night or early hours when surveillance is scarce and there is hardly any traffic of people.
If you travel by subway or empty buses or with few travelers, sit near the driver or line employees
PERSONAL DEFENSE TECHNIQUES
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Although this article refers to the PERSONAL MEASURES advisable to avoid such crimes and street offenses, there are others
INSTITUTIONAL MEASURES to be taken by administrative and judicial authorities, such as:
More intense police surveillance in the streets and marginal areas where criminal acts are repeated.
Surveillance, control and conditioning (lights, cameras, alarms, moons and armored doors, etc.) in certain sensitive urban areas (residential areas, businesses, shops or offices) with high incidence of theft, drug sales, etc)
Surveillance and control of youth gangs
Special control and criminalization of habitual and repeat offenders.
Control of foreign criminals who enter the country through emigration and turism.
Prevention campaigns and citizen collaboration, etc.
As for PERSONAL MEASURES: Each citizen, when moving through public places and means of transport, in the care of children, when traveling by car, in their homes, businesses, shops, properties, etc., MUST TAKE INTO ACCOUNT AND APPLY , if possible, the recommendations of the police agencies, which are included in the NEXT MEASURES:
TO AVOID HURTS AND SHOOTS
Walk on the sidewalk, in the opposite direction to the vehicles and as far as possible from the road or curb.
If you carry a bag, place it inside the sidewalk to hinder the action of criminals who try to "pull" from moving vehicles.
Older people should not carry the bags subject to shoulder strap, to avoid drag and subsequent fall in case of violent pulls.
There is another modality mixture of pull-theft and vandal aggression, known in the slang of the underworld as "jerk or jalonazo" which consists of criminals hitting the victim violently and without warning, while taking advantage of the surprise to subtract the bag or the wallet and then escape at full speed, sometimes with the support of a stolen vehicle that drives an accomplice.
People who transport funds or leave a bank or ATM have a higher risk after taking money and are usually monitored and followed by these subjects.
Criminals engaged in theft ("pickpockets" and "boobies") tend to be very skilled; they act frequently with the help of accomplices ("tapias" "consorts") who interpose or simulate a casual stumbling block and using newspapers or garments ("crutches") to hide their manipulation of the victim's sight.
Protect your purse or wallet in crowds (markets, street shows, public transport, subway, bus, etc)
If possible avoid such agglomerations.
Do not get distracted during shopping.
Observe the next people and not lose contact with the purse or wallet.
Bring only the necessary money (better small amounts) and distribute it between pockets
.
Keep the wallet or money in the most protected pocket.
Bring the pockets fastened and protect them by hand in the crowds (attention to the back pocket)
Do not display jewelry, rings, bracelets, watches, etc., or show off money, furs and luxury items.
TO AVOID THEFT FROM AND IN VEHICLES
Park in well-lit and guarded places, avoiding depopulated or marginal areas.
Do not stay overnight in a vehicle parked in open fields, parks, suburbs, etc.
Before parking the car look around, in case suspicious people were detected.
Do the same when the car is going to be used.
Before entering, also observe its interior; some intruder could be found crouched in the back.
When driving through the city, keep the doors locked
Install anti-theft and alarm devices that at the same time produce sound effects on the horn prevent the operation of the motor and electrical circuits.
Make use of metal bars adjusted to the steering wheel from the pedals.
Use safety chains.
Installing a GPS tracking system, hidden in the vehicle, can help your recovery, if the thieves do not detect and cancel it.
Currently, high-end cars usually install electronic devices that deactivate the engine or simulate a fault while emitting a silent alert by radio that is transmitted to the Police.
When you get out of the car, take out the ignition key, leave the steering wheel locked and close the doors, windows and luggage compartment.
It is advisable to record the registration number of the car on the windows and on the windshield.
The fuel tank must be protected by a good lockable lid to prevent theft of gasoline and the possibility of refueling if the vehicle is stolen
Do not auto-stop or pick up strangers in the car.
Do not leave credit cards or important documents inside the car.
In any case, avoid leaving bags, objects or packages that are a temptation for the offender on duty, even for a short period of time.
On trips both in the vehicle itself and by train or bus take care of luggage (attention to intermediate stops)
TO AVOID TIMES AND SCAMS
If credit cards, gasoline checks, etc. are used, it is advisable not to lose sight of them and not to use them in places or by people with little solvent.
Before signing any kind of contract or commercial document, read the fine print and carefully observe everything related to the date, quantities, stamp and signature.
Avoid gambling in the street since they are almost always a fraud.
Be suspicious of proposals and suspicious aids (offers to manage a "prize" lottery ticket, notice of stains on clothing, vehicle breakdowns, etc.)
Do not talk about business with strangers.
Never take money from the bank at the request of strangers, even if they offer, apparently, a great deal.
Do not forget that in most of the scams two or more criminals are perfectly arranged, but seeming to ignore each other (the fool and the clever).
There is a wide range of scams in which the victim ("cousin, lilac or julay"), tempted by the greed of an easy gain, is naively fooled by those who make deception their livelihood.
Some of the classic scams are:
The "tocomocho" or scam by which the victim is made to believe that he can benefit from the collection of an award-winning lottery participation.
The "scam of the stamp", which involves passing newspaper clippings through legal tender.
The one of the "trileros", realized in the streets trails, verbenas, etc; The scammer, aided by accomplices ("hooks") exhibits his manual ability handling three playing cards, glasses, empty plastic caps or nutshells, inviting to participate in a game or bet to discover where a card is or a ball is hidden . The accomplices always win and also the victim, when he plays small amounts, but loses when he invests a desirable figure.
The "scam or theft of the stain" that consists in distracting the victim's attention by staining his clothes, at which point an offender takes the money while another tries to help him clean the clothes.
The "scam of the child" which is that a young woman tries to seduce the "cousin", at which time her "father or brother" appears who accuse the girl of sexual abuse and threaten to report him, except to pay them a sum to "forget" the matter. Often they also act against homosexuals using in this case a "younger child"
The scam of the "ful police" is a thymus-extortion in which one or two subjects impersonate policemen, showing false plates, and require the "julay" to pay an amount to avoid being arrested for an alleged crime; sometimes they act in the child's scam with the "family"
The "scam of the tit" that is starring an opulent woman who seems to bind, to, between caresses and flushing, seize the wallet and flee precipitously to be "surprised" by her "husband-accomplice"
The "cat scam" (cat = thief; cat = prostitute); it is a thymus-theft typical of prostitution environments, it is that an accomplice that hides under the bed or in another place, seizes the client's clothes or wallet while he performs the sexual act with a prostitute.
There are many other scams such as those of the Nigerian, the Nazarene, the inspector of the gas, the antenista, the one of the outrage, the one of the bible, the one of the marked ticket, the one of the seer or fortune teller or the pyramidal scams, etc.
Some of them are not practiced only in the street but in home visits or through the telephone and Internet
Currently, perhaps due to the economic crisis, a minor scam procedure known as "SINPA" (initials of unpaid) is being increased that is practiced individually or in groups in restaurants, gas stations, shops, etc. and that consists of leaving without paying the amount of the service or item, taking advantage of the carelessness of the waiters or employees, or with the excuse of going to the WC or smoking on the street...
MEASURES AGAINST ASSAULT AND AGGRESSIONS
Avoid as far as possible the depopulated, lonely, isolated or poorly lit places, especially if they are marginal citizen areas.
If you are obliged to travel regularly through these areas, try to change the itinerary and the way of dressing from time to time.
Avoid, also, the streets, passageways, stairs, stations and subway cars, solitary bus stops, etc., at night or early hours when surveillance is scarce and there is hardly any traffic of people.
If you travel by subway or empty buses or with few travelers, sit near the driver or line employees
Avoid the passage, both day and night, through marginal places where drug addicts and criminals abound.
Avoid areas of agglomeration or nocturnal revelry: with pubs, discos, clubs, or premises frequented by drunkards, drug addicts, drug dealers, pimps and prostitutes.
In case of being forced to go through these places, try to do it accompanied (or join normal people) and keep the distance of groups, youth gangs or suspicious individuals.
When entering or leaving a bank or using ATMs, see if suspicious persons are found in the surroundings; in case of doubt do not use the cashier at that time; go to another, wait, come back, take a taxi, etc.
Dominate the payments and try to be accompanied when large amounts of money are carried.
When opening the portal of the domicile it is necessary to avoid that other unknown people enter (if there is someone nearby, it is better to wait)
Nor should you enter an elevator with suspicious people.
When you have the fear of being assaulted or have negative experiences for having suffered robberies or aggressions, it is convenient to prepare yourself mentally and physically for self-defense, practicing martial arts> (fighting, boxing, judo, karate, fencing, shooting, etc.)
If weapons, instruments or self-defense skills are available, be trained and prepared for use in case of aggression.
Although any tool (from a cane to a pen) can be used as a defensive weapon, do not forget that the best weapon is the brain itself capable of coordinating numerous skills in the face of danger.
The important thing is to think and not get carried away by fear or impulsivity: observe, wait or walk away, be prudent, measure risk and the possibilities of self-defense.
Although it is always preferable to always avoid confrontation, when there is danger to life or physical integrity it is lawful and advisable to use legitimate defense.
In justified cases, a license for the use of firearms may be requested, allowed in some countries (in Spain the procedure is carried out through the Civil Guard)
There is also the possibility of using non-lethal weapons such as tear sprays, compressed air guns, guns or electric batons, etc. (consult the necessary conditions and licenses in the armories)
Another possible way to inhibit the action of the assailants is to shout, ask for help, trying to attract the attention of other passersby who can help or call the Police.
Certain people because of their age, helplessness, weakness, loneliness or helplessness (children, the elderly, women, helpless people, psychic patients, etc.) have a higher risk of being assaulted because they must adopt greater precautionary measures.
Involuntary incitement by attitudes, physical appearance, sex, exhibitionism, ostentation of wealth, jewelry, money, etc. should be avoided.
If you feel persecuted while driving a car, blow the horn constantly to get attention and go to a police center or busy place.
If there is an attempt to block the vehicle, close the doors and windows well and do not stop, even if you have to ram or push the obstacle that closes the passage, trying to avoid as much as possible any damage to innocent people or property.
Provide assistance, to the extent possible, to any person under attack.
Observe the characteristics of the aggressor or aggressors (age, height, hair color, features of his face, nationality, accent when speaking, clothing, direction of escape, vehicle used, etc.)
The description will facilitate the location of the offender and recovery of the stolen from the Police.
After the crime has been committed, notify the Police or Civil Guard.
Do not move or touch anything so as not to unintentionally destroy possible fingerprints or evidence of the crime.
ALERT AND PROTECT CHILDREN
Very young children (up to 7-8 years old) should be specially supervised and controlled by their families and teachers, avoiding leaving them only at home or on the street or public facilities.
Try to avoid abuses, falls, drowning or accidents in their activities, games or manipulation of potentially dangerous devices and items (vehicles, gas, electricity, lighters, toxic substances, abandoned objects or devices, etc.)
Teach children to know their name , last name, address and telephone.
Explain that, in case of loss, it is best to remain unemployed and wait for their parents or relatives to look for them or to call their parents by phone.
Also explain to whom to go or call in case of danger, whether they are on the street or if they are at home.
And how to use the emergency telephone 112.
Do not open the door of the house when they are alone, or tell strangers
That they do not open the door of the house when they are alone, nor tell strangers that there is no one else at home or provide them with information about their family.
Mentalize them to always refuse the invitation of strangers to get in a car or accompany them with any pretext or to offer them money, sweets, candies, toys etc.
Pay close attention to any story of the child about a person who has tried to caress him, give him something, invite him, etc.
Indicate that you should never keep these relationships a secret, even if they ask for them or threaten you to shut up and that if someone tries to catch you, you should shout loudly and ask for help.
They should also be taught about the risks of contacts through the Internet.
To recommend to minors that, when they are not accompanied by their relatives or teachers, they do so with a group of friends, especially if they go for a walk or to practice sports activities abroad.
To avoid the company of youth groups (colleagues or not) that may lead to committing crimes (drugs, acts of vandalism, etc.)
To avoid trying drugs out of curiosity or because their friends or colleagues do it, alerting them of the danger of that first time.
As parents and teachers increase in age and understanding, children should be taught about the dangers of street crime (drugs, robberies, sexual assaults, prostitution, kidnappings, etc.) and about the measures they should take to prevent them.
HURTS, THEFTES AND ATTRACTIONS TO BUSINESSES AND COMPANIES
Together with the exposed measures, the vigilance must be extreme at the closing hours (when the day's collection accumulates)
In addition to cameras, alarms and the possible hiring of private security guards, much of the proceeds can be stored in camouflaged or hidden boxes, leaving a smaller amount in the chamber or apparent box.
Banking entities, jewelers, and financial companies or that store valuable items or transport securities, usually have armored enclosures, vehicles, doors, windows and armored windows, armed guards, etc.
The owners, managers, representatives, employees, etc. of these types of companies must also take surveillance and self-defense measures at the entrance and exit of both the company and the home itself, vary schedules and itineraries, avoid follow-ups and alert the Police in case of suspicion.
Also the thefts in stores and shops ("wick" procedure) of objects, garments, jewelry, small appliances, perfumes, etc., that the supposed "customers" take out hidden among their clothes, are a common plague, especially in periods of sales with large agglomerations.
Although there are alarm labels that are activated in the cashier controls, many thieves know how to cut or cancel them.
Intensify surveillance with personnel who know this type of burglars.
To instruct each employee a special surveillance of an area of commerce or business.
Agree passwords between guards and employees when one of them detects a suspicious subject.
Have alarms, sensors, video surveillance cameras, mirrors etc.
Attention the entrance and exit doors.
Attention to people who buy in groups by performing distraction or fuss maneuvers.
Avoid clutter of merchandise at counters, shelves, etc
Prevent the existence of goods in hidden areas, distant corners, etc.
Have the most valuable goods protected in polls or shop windows closed and away from the exit doors.
Protect the windows against theft with fractures ("moon landings") by installing bars, closures, resistant or armored glass, etc. and leaving no valuables exposed that incite the greed of thieves (jewelry, skins, appliances, etc)
On goods that come in pairs, show only one pair of each model.
THEFT AND HURTS IN RURAL AREAS
These criminal activities, which have increased in recent times, are aimed at the removal of cattle and fruits in stables, fields and greenhouses where surveillance is scarce.
Currently, there are usually many foreign criminals who slip into the mass of emigrants and turists who arrive in our country, taking advantage of the opening of the borders with Europe.
As a control and surveillance measure, in areas where such acts have been committed, it is advisable to notify the Civil Guard or Police, when the presence of suspects is detected, vans that camp or remain in the vicinity of villages, farmhouses , cultivation areas, flocks, etc., facilitating their description, vehicle license plates, etc.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Avoid areas of agglomeration or nocturnal revelry: with pubs, discos, clubs, or premises frequented by drunkards, drug addicts, drug dealers, pimps and prostitutes.
In case of being forced to go through these places, try to do it accompanied (or join normal people) and keep the distance of groups, youth gangs or suspicious individuals.
When entering or leaving a bank or using ATMs, see if suspicious persons are found in the surroundings; in case of doubt do not use the cashier at that time; go to another, wait, come back, take a taxi, etc.
Dominate the payments and try to be accompanied when large amounts of money are carried.
When opening the portal of the domicile it is necessary to avoid that other unknown people enter (if there is someone nearby, it is better to wait)
Nor should you enter an elevator with suspicious people.
When you have the fear of being assaulted or have negative experiences for having suffered robberies or aggressions, it is convenient to prepare yourself mentally and physically for self-defense, practicing martial arts> (fighting, boxing, judo, karate, fencing, shooting, etc.)
If weapons, instruments or self-defense skills are available, be trained and prepared for use in case of aggression.
Although any tool (from a cane to a pen) can be used as a defensive weapon, do not forget that the best weapon is the brain itself capable of coordinating numerous skills in the face of danger.
The important thing is to think and not get carried away by fear or impulsivity: observe, wait or walk away, be prudent, measure risk and the possibilities of self-defense.
Although it is always preferable to always avoid confrontation, when there is danger to life or physical integrity it is lawful and advisable to use legitimate defense.
In justified cases, a license for the use of firearms may be requested, allowed in some countries (in Spain the procedure is carried out through the Civil Guard)
There is also the possibility of using non-lethal weapons such as tear sprays, compressed air guns, guns or electric batons, etc. (consult the necessary conditions and licenses in the armories)
Another possible way to inhibit the action of the assailants is to shout, ask for help, trying to attract the attention of other passersby who can help or call the Police.
Certain people because of their age, helplessness, weakness, loneliness or helplessness (children, the elderly, women, helpless people, psychic patients, etc.) have a higher risk of being assaulted because they must adopt greater precautionary measures.
Involuntary incitement by attitudes, physical appearance, sex, exhibitionism, ostentation of wealth, jewelry, money, etc. should be avoided.
If you feel persecuted while driving a car, blow the horn constantly to get attention and go to a police center or busy place.
If there is an attempt to block the vehicle, close the doors and windows well and do not stop, even if you have to ram or push the obstacle that closes the passage, trying to avoid as much as possible any damage to innocent people or property.
Provide assistance, to the extent possible, to any person under attack.
Observe the characteristics of the aggressor or aggressors (age, height, hair color, features of his face, nationality, accent when speaking, clothing, direction of escape, vehicle used, etc.)
The description will facilitate the location of the offender and recovery of the stolen from the Police.
After the crime has been committed, notify the Police or Civil Guard.
Do not move or touch anything so as not to unintentionally destroy possible fingerprints or evidence of the crime.
ALERT AND PROTECT CHILDREN
Very young children (up to 7-8 years old) should be specially supervised and controlled by their families and teachers, avoiding leaving them only at home or on the street or public facilities.
Try to avoid abuses, falls, drowning or accidents in their activities, games or manipulation of potentially dangerous devices and items (vehicles, gas, electricity, lighters, toxic substances, abandoned objects or devices, etc.)
Teach children to know their name , last name, address and telephone.
Explain that, in case of loss, it is best to remain unemployed and wait for their parents or relatives to look for them or to call their parents by phone.
Also explain to whom to go or call in case of danger, whether they are on the street or if they are at home.
And how to use the emergency telephone 112.
Do not open the door of the house when they are alone, or tell strangers
That they do not open the door of the house when they are alone, nor tell strangers that there is no one else at home or provide them with information about their family.
Mentalize them to always refuse the invitation of strangers to get in a car or accompany them with any pretext or to offer them money, sweets, candies, toys etc.
Pay close attention to any story of the child about a person who has tried to caress him, give him something, invite him, etc.
Indicate that you should never keep these relationships a secret, even if they ask for them or threaten you to shut up and that if someone tries to catch you, you should shout loudly and ask for help.
They should also be taught about the risks of contacts through the Internet.
To recommend to minors that, when they are not accompanied by their relatives or teachers, they do so with a group of friends, especially if they go for a walk or to practice sports activities abroad.
To avoid the company of youth groups (colleagues or not) that may lead to committing crimes (drugs, acts of vandalism, etc.)
To avoid trying drugs out of curiosity or because their friends or colleagues do it, alerting them of the danger of that first time.
As parents and teachers increase in age and understanding, children should be taught about the dangers of street crime (drugs, robberies, sexual assaults, prostitution, kidnappings, etc.) and about the measures they should take to prevent them.
HURTS, THEFTES AND ATTRACTIONS TO BUSINESSES AND COMPANIES
Together with the exposed measures, the vigilance must be extreme at the closing hours (when the day's collection accumulates)
In addition to cameras, alarms and the possible hiring of private security guards, much of the proceeds can be stored in camouflaged or hidden boxes, leaving a smaller amount in the chamber or apparent box.
Banking entities, jewelers, and financial companies or that store valuable items or transport securities, usually have armored enclosures, vehicles, doors, windows and armored windows, armed guards, etc.
The owners, managers, representatives, employees, etc. of these types of companies must also take surveillance and self-defense measures at the entrance and exit of both the company and the home itself, vary schedules and itineraries, avoid follow-ups and alert the Police in case of suspicion.
Also the thefts in stores and shops ("wick" procedure) of objects, garments, jewelry, small appliances, perfumes, etc., that the supposed "customers" take out hidden among their clothes, are a common plague, especially in periods of sales with large agglomerations.
Although there are alarm labels that are activated in the cashier controls, many thieves know how to cut or cancel them.
Intensify surveillance with personnel who know this type of burglars.
To instruct each employee a special surveillance of an area of commerce or business.
Agree passwords between guards and employees when one of them detects a suspicious subject.
Have alarms, sensors, video surveillance cameras, mirrors etc.
Attention the entrance and exit doors.
Attention to people who buy in groups by performing distraction or fuss maneuvers.
Avoid clutter of merchandise at counters, shelves, etc
Prevent the existence of goods in hidden areas, distant corners, etc.
Have the most valuable goods protected in polls or shop windows closed and away from the exit doors.
Protect the windows against theft with fractures ("moon landings") by installing bars, closures, resistant or armored glass, etc. and leaving no valuables exposed that incite the greed of thieves (jewelry, skins, appliances, etc)
On goods that come in pairs, show only one pair of each model.
THEFT AND HURTS IN RURAL AREAS
These criminal activities, which have increased in recent times, are aimed at the removal of cattle and fruits in stables, fields and greenhouses where surveillance is scarce.
Currently, there are usually many foreign criminals who slip into the mass of emigrants and turists who arrive in our country, taking advantage of the opening of the borders with Europe.
As a control and surveillance measure, in areas where such acts have been committed, it is advisable to notify the Civil Guard or Police, when the presence of suspects is detected, vans that camp or remain in the vicinity of villages, farmhouses , cultivation areas, flocks, etc., facilitating their description, vehicle license plates, etc.
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